POTENSI GENUS ARTOCARPUS SEBAGAI AGEN CARDIOVASCULAR PROTECTIVE: TINJAUAN AKTIVITAS ANTIKOAGULAN, ANTIPLATELET, DAN ANTIHIPERTENSI

Muhammad Raafi Ramdani; Septiana Indratmoko; Tri Kusuma Wardani

doi:10.31596/cjp.v9i3.376

POTENSI GENUS ARTOCARPUS SEBAGAI AGEN CARDIOVASCULAR PROTECTIVE: TINJAUAN AKTIVITAS ANTIKOAGULAN, ANTIPLATELET, DAN ANTIHIPERTENSI

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31596/cjp.v9i3.376

Muhammad Raafi Ramdani⁽¹⁾, Septiana Indratmoko^(2*), Tri Kusuma Wardani⁽³⁾

(1) Universitas Al-Irsyad Cilacap
(2) Universitas Al-Irsyad Cilacap
(3) Universitas Al-Irsyad Cilacap
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Penyakit kardiovaskular (CVD) merupakan penyebab kematian utama di dunia, dengan lebih dari 17 juta kasus setiap tahun. Terapi farmakologis modern seperti antikoagulan, antiplatelet, dan antihipertensi telah terbukti efektif, namun sering menimbulkan efek samping jangka panjang. Oleh karena itu, eksplorasi bahan alam sebagai alternatif terapi yang lebih aman menjadi penting. Review ini bertujuan untuk meninjau potensi genus Artocarpus sebagai agen pelindung kardiovaskular melalui aktivitas antikoagulan, antiplatelet, dan antihipertensi. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA 2020 dengan sumber data dari Scopus. Dari 50 artikel yang ditemukan, 7 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis lebih lanjut. Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa Artocarpus altilis, A. heterophyllus, dan A. lakoocha mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti flavonoid, stilbenoid, dan oxyresveratrol yang mampu menurunkan tekanan darah, menghambat agregasi trombosit, serta mencegah pembekuan darah. Ketiga aktivitas ini bekerja secara sinergis dalam menjaga elastisitas pembuluh darah dan mencegah aterosklerosis. Dengan demikian, genus Artocarpus memiliki potensi besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai kandidat fitofarmaka alami yang aman dan efektif dalam pencegahan serta pengelolaan penyakit kardiovaskular.

Keywords

Antihypertensive; anticoagulant; antiplatelet; artocarpus; cardioprotective

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31596/cjp.v9i3.376